CREDIBILITY

YEAR
CREDIBILITY
AUTHOR SOURCE SELECTION ABSTRACT

2009 Admissibility of expert testimony concerning eyewitness evidence Brett Trowbridge PhD, JD psychology tape 1074 no abstract

2009 Credibility David Glaser MD psychiatry CD 10820 no abstract

2008 What influences jurors' evaluation of DNA evidence Dennis Devine PhD psychology journal 10790 Previous research suggests jurors reaction to DNA evidence may be influenced by both contextual and dispositional variables. In this study, undergraduate students and venirepersons showing up for jury duty completed several individual-difference measures related to DNA (e.g., familiarity, objective knowledge, skepticism) and rated the general importance of 20 contextual variables that could influence their evaluation of DNA evidence. Most contextual variables were rated as moderately to considerably important in both samples, although venirepersons tended to rate the contextual influences as more important than students. DNA-related objective knowledge and skepticism were both significantly related to mean importance rating. This study highlights variables that may be important in trials that hinge on DNA evidence, and suggests variables worthy of future experimental research.

2007 A Scientific Approach to Analyzing the Validity of Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Symptoms in the Medicolegal Context

Tom McLaren PhD
David Goldsmith PhD
psychiatry CD 10382 Psychiatrists have traditionally focused their efforts on helping to alleviate distress and dysfunction. Within that context, the patient's verbal and non-verbal communications serve as the principal source of data. Increasingly, psychiatrists depart from their therapeutic role to provide impartial expert analyses of clinical issues in a medico-legal context. In so doing, the psychiatrist operates with a different set of assumptions, responsibilities, challenges and standards (i.e., Daubert). In addition to identifying crucial differences between the roles of treating psychiatrists and psychiatric experts in a forensic context, this presentation will identify specific strategies to assess the validity of psychological and neurocognitive test data, obtain and utilize empirically-based evidence from specific tests and assessment techniques; review relevant clinical research; and provide a rationale for incorporating collateral data from neuropsychological and/or clinical psychological examination.

2007 Vividness and spontaneity of statement detail characteristics as predictors of witness credibility Kevin Colwell PhD,
Cheryl Hiscock-Anisman PhD psychology journal 7007 A major challenge for investigators is the constant potential for deception. The present article is a step toward developing a system of interviewing and assessment which facilitates the discrimination of honest from deceptive statements. Specifically, this article addresses memory-related detail characteristics (vividness and spontaneity) as indices of statement credibility, and provides information regarding appropriate experimental design for future studies in credibility assessment.

2006 Credibility assessment psychophysiology and policy in the detection of deception Jennifer Verndmia PhD psychology journal 7032 no abstract

2004 Credibility, symptom validity, and the law in disability analysis
Thomas M. Pendergrass, RN, PhD
Les Kertay, PhD

psychology tape 3076 Because assessments initially intended to be clinical often find their way into the medicolegal arena, a thorough evaluation of the examinee's effort should be part of all psychological and neurocognitive assessments. This presentation provides information about formal symptom validity measures, in the context of a method for evaluating the results of these tests and integrating the findings with behavioral observations, interview data, and collateral information. Multiple methods of validity assessment are discussed in the context of relevant case law and criteria for courtroom admissibility.

2003 Evidence for forensic psychiatrists Steven Pinkert, MD, JD psychiatry tapes 3021 This lecture will familiarize the attendee with the basic concepts of evidence and their application to the expert in both the courtroom and during deposition. The basic elements of the evidence code will be explained and reviewed. The proper use of tangible evidence (exhibits) at deposition and trial, evidentiary objections, rulings from the bench, and the proper response by the expert witness under a variety of circumstances will be discussed.

2003 A law guardian and psychologist grapple on credibility of young children Thomas A. Caffrey , PhD
psychology tape 3038 In this look at a child custody case that ran parallel to a juvenile delinquency case with the same allegations of child-upon-child sexual abuse in both cases the evaluating psychologist will describe the struggles he and the children s law guardian underwent and the discoveries they made in the course of their examinations. Feedback from the symposium s professional attendees will be essential to this presentation.

2000 National guidelines for collection, preservation of eyewitness evidence R Edward Geiselman PhD psychology tape 1019 The Technical Working Group for Eyewitness Evidence drafted national guidelines for the collection and preservation of eyewitness evidence in 1998, subjected the draft to peer review in early 1999, and distributed the guidelines in late 1999. The group was composed of prosecutors, the defense bar, and social scientists. The content of the document and its anticipated effects on the legal system will be discussed.

1998 Assessment of statement credibility through analysis of verbal content Cheryl K. Hiscock, PhD
psychology tape 9041 The high frequency of deception within forensic contexts, coupled with the difficulties inherent in its detection, have spawned copious research into verbal indicators of statement credibility. This presentation represents the culmination of eight of our most recent studies into Investigative Interviewing and Statement Analysis. A brief overview of interviewing techniques currently employed as well as innovative strategies to facilitate the detection of deception will be presented. Participants will learn: 1) strategies which produce an effective and competent interview, 2) means to minimize memory contamination, 3) recognition and measurement of six characteristics which discriminate honest from deceptive statements, 4) how to integrating these techniques into the forensic decision making process.

1997 Differential efficacies of interview techniques in assessment of statement credibility Cheryl K. Hiscock, PhD
psychology tape 1252 The successful adjudication of an alleged crime depends on information obtained in the investigative process. Most of this information comes from statements by victims, witnesses and suspects, affirmations subject to unintentional and intentional distortion. The present study investigates the process of an ongoing deceptive interaction in order to characterize the transactional nature of deception and for indices of statement credibility. A relevant study of inmates who were witnesses to a staged crime and instructed to report either honestly or in a biased manner will be discussed. Participants will be introduced to the types of statements elicited by structured and cognitive interview techniques. Presentation will encompass theoretical implications and innovative utilizations of contemporary techniques.

1996 How jurors assess the credibility of expert witnesses Professor Daniel Shuman psychiatry tapes 10026 While lawyers and experts use anecdotal and impressionistic evidence to guess how jurors assess the believability of experts, there is an evolving body of research that has studied juror decision making. In this presentation, Professor Shuman reports research he has conducted that examines the way in which jurors approach an assessment of experts that reveals how jurors are far more sophisticated in their assessment techniques than they are often assumed to be. Participants will better understand how jurors assess expert witness believability so as to present expert testimony more persuasively.

1994 Changing face of advocacy in workers' compensation cases-maintaining credibility Anthony Gensterblum ACSW psychology tape 10113 It is virtually impossible for even the well trained and experienced clinician to avoid the quasi-advocacy role inherent in many forensic situations. Particularly in workers' compensation proceedings, the psychologist must "juggle" several conflicting roles. Participants will learn to traverse the complex world of worker's compensation and avoid potential ethical conflicts and pitfalls, as well as how to advocate within ethical and professional guidelines so as to maintain credibility

1993 Reliability, credibility, and the forensic psychiatrist s evaluation of children and adolescents
Peter Gioia MD
Donald Lunde MD
psychiatry journal 6087 Psychiatrists frequently disagree about the psychiatric diagnoses of children and adolescents. This lack of agreement, which we will refer to as "poor reliability," significantly detracts from the credibility of psychiatrists in the courtroom. Attorneys, judges and jurors regard the failure to perform reliably, not as an indication of the inherent complexity of the task, but as a deficiency of scientific rigor and lack of credibility.

1992 False allegations of sexual abuse and their apparent credibility Terence Campbell PhD psychology journal 5022 This article examines how false allegations of sexual abuse can seem so credible. These allegations originate as rumors but eventually acquire the appearance of verified facts. Consequently, the dynamics of rumor formation and rumor transmission, combined with constructivistic theory, appear to provide an explanatory model accounting for the origins and apparent credibility of these rumors. Ultimately, false allegations of sexual abuse both influence-and are influenced by- the systemic context in which they occur. As a result, parents and children alike can report false allegations without consciously fabricating them.

1991 Credibility of victims diagnosed as multiple personality- a case study Joann Ondrovik PhD
psychology journal 5189 Mental health professionals themselves are in great debate over the existence and extent of dissociative disorders and multiple personality. Juries find these diagnoses especially difficult to understand and accept. Forensic mental health experts who testify in court are cautioned not to speak in absolute terms regarding the impact of the dissociative disorders, or, indeed, of any emotional disorders beyond the specific individual being assessed.

1990 Litigant credibility determination Linda Gummow PhD psychology tape 1755 A key question the expert psychologist is often asked relates to the credibility of a litigant in personal injury or criminal cases: is this patient faking an injury? Could this defendant be lying about his memory of a criminal act? Common abuses of expert testimony in the area of litigant credibility determination, suggesting currently available legitimate procedures that may be used to make these determinations.

1990 Effects of witnessing conditions and expert testimony on credibility of an eyewitness R Edward Geiselman PhD psychology journal 5045 The influence on opinions of eyewitness credibility from the type of witnessing conditions present during a crime and the type of expert testimony presented during a trial was determined, using one hundred subjects. Among findings was an interaction between the type of expert testimony and the change in credibility scores made by subject jurors, indicating an increase in credibility with supportive expert testimony, and a decrease in credibility with unsupportive expert testimony.

1986 Credibility of the child witness-psycholoigcal and legal concerns Amy Alllison psychology journal 5435 no abstract

1985 Assessment of credibility of sexually abused children in criminal court cases Eberhard Mann MD psychiatry journal 5163 Most experts in the field of sexual abuse agree that many families can be reunited if a comprehensive treatment program is available. Guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation of sexually abusive families are offered. The evaluation process is lengthy as it does not merely consist of seeing individual family members. The entire family should be assessed together.

1981 Assessment of credibility of sexually abused children in criminal court cases Eberhard Mann MD psychiatry journal 10308 Most experts in the field of sexual abuse agree that many families can be reunited if a comprehensive treatment program is available. Guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation of sexually abusive families are offered. The evaluation process is lengthy as it does not merely consist of seeing individual family members. The entire family should be assessed together.

1981 Assessment of credibility of sexually abused children in criminal court cases Eberhard Mann MD psychiatry tape 10261 Most experts in the field of sexual abuse agree that many families can be reunited if a comprehensive treatment program is available. Guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation of sexually abusive families are offered. The evaluation process is lengthy as it does not merely consist of seeing individual family members. The entire family should be assessed together.

YEAR	CREDIBILITY	AUTHOR	SOURCE	SELECTION	ABSTRACT
2009	Admissibility of expert testimony concerning eyewitness evidence	Brett Trowbridge PhD, JD	psychology tape	1074	no abstract
2009	Credibility	David Glaser MD	psychiatry CD	10820	no abstract
2008	What influences jurors' evaluation of DNA evidence	Dennis Devine PhD	psychology journal	10790	Previous research suggests jurors reaction to DNA evidence may be influenced by both contextual and dispositional variables. In this study, undergraduate students and venirepersons showing up for jury duty completed several individual-difference measures related to DNA (e.g., familiarity, objective knowledge, skepticism) and rated the general importance of 20 contextual variables that could influence their evaluation of DNA evidence. Most contextual variables were rated as moderately to considerably important in both samples, although venirepersons tended to rate the contextual influences as more important than students. DNA-related objective knowledge and skepticism were both significantly related to mean importance rating. This study highlights variables that may be important in trials that hinge on DNA evidence, and suggests variables worthy of future experimental research.
2007	A Scientific Approach to Analyzing the Validity of Cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Symptoms in the Medicolegal Context	Tom McLaren PhD David Goldsmith PhD	psychiatry CD	10382	Psychiatrists have traditionally focused their efforts on helping to alleviate distress and dysfunction. Within that context, the patient's verbal and non-verbal communications serve as the principal source of data. Increasingly, psychiatrists depart from their therapeutic role to provide impartial expert analyses of clinical issues in a medico-legal context. In so doing, the psychiatrist operates with a different set of assumptions, responsibilities, challenges and standards (i.e., Daubert). In addition to identifying crucial differences between the roles of treating psychiatrists and psychiatric experts in a forensic context, this presentation will identify specific strategies to assess the validity of psychological and neurocognitive test data, obtain and utilize empirically-based evidence from specific tests and assessment techniques; review relevant clinical research; and provide a rationale for incorporating collateral data from neuropsychological and/or clinical psychological examination.
2007	Vividness and spontaneity of statement detail characteristics as predictors of witness credibility	Kevin Colwell PhD, Cheryl Hiscock-Anisman PhD	psychology journal	7007	A major challenge for investigators is the constant potential for deception. The present article is a step toward developing a system of interviewing and assessment which facilitates the discrimination of honest from deceptive statements. Specifically, this article addresses memory-related detail characteristics (vividness and spontaneity) as indices of statement credibility, and provides information regarding appropriate experimental design for future studies in credibility assessment.
2006	Credibility assessment psychophysiology and policy in the detection of deception	Jennifer Verndmia PhD	psychology journal	7032	no abstract
2004	Credibility, symptom validity, and the law in disability analysis	Thomas M. Pendergrass, RN, PhD Les Kertay, PhD	psychology tape	3076	Because assessments initially intended to be clinical often find their way into the medicolegal arena, a thorough evaluation of the examinee's effort should be part of all psychological and neurocognitive assessments. This presentation provides information about formal symptom validity measures, in the context of a method for evaluating the results of these tests and integrating the findings with behavioral observations, interview data, and collateral information. Multiple methods of validity assessment are discussed in the context of relevant case law and criteria for courtroom admissibility.
2003	Evidence for forensic psychiatrists	Steven Pinkert, MD, JD	psychiatry tapes	3021	This lecture will familiarize the attendee with the basic concepts of evidence and their application to the expert in both the courtroom and during deposition. The basic elements of the evidence code will be explained and reviewed. The proper use of tangible evidence (exhibits) at deposition and trial, evidentiary objections, rulings from the bench, and the proper response by the expert witness under a variety of circumstances will be discussed.
2003	A law guardian and psychologist grapple on credibility of young children	Thomas A. Caffrey , PhD	psychology tape	3038	In this look at a child custody case that ran parallel to a juvenile delinquency case with the same allegations of child-upon-child sexual abuse in both cases the evaluating psychologist will describe the struggles he and the children s law guardian underwent and the discoveries they made in the course of their examinations. Feedback from the symposium s professional attendees will be essential to this presentation.
2000	National guidelines for collection, preservation of eyewitness evidence	R Edward Geiselman PhD	psychology tape	1019	The Technical Working Group for Eyewitness Evidence drafted national guidelines for the collection and preservation of eyewitness evidence in 1998, subjected the draft to peer review in early 1999, and distributed the guidelines in late 1999. The group was composed of prosecutors, the defense bar, and social scientists. The content of the document and its anticipated effects on the legal system will be discussed.
1998	Assessment of statement credibility through analysis of verbal content	Cheryl K. Hiscock, PhD	psychology tape	9041	The high frequency of deception within forensic contexts, coupled with the difficulties inherent in its detection, have spawned copious research into verbal indicators of statement credibility. This presentation represents the culmination of eight of our most recent studies into Investigative Interviewing and Statement Analysis. A brief overview of interviewing techniques currently employed as well as innovative strategies to facilitate the detection of deception will be presented. Participants will learn: 1) strategies which produce an effective and competent interview, 2) means to minimize memory contamination, 3) recognition and measurement of six characteristics which discriminate honest from deceptive statements, 4) how to integrating these techniques into the forensic decision making process.
1997	Differential efficacies of interview techniques in assessment of statement credibility	Cheryl K. Hiscock, PhD	psychology tape	1252	The successful adjudication of an alleged crime depends on information obtained in the investigative process. Most of this information comes from statements by victims, witnesses and suspects, affirmations subject to unintentional and intentional distortion. The present study investigates the process of an ongoing deceptive interaction in order to characterize the transactional nature of deception and for indices of statement credibility. A relevant study of inmates who were witnesses to a staged crime and instructed to report either honestly or in a biased manner will be discussed. Participants will be introduced to the types of statements elicited by structured and cognitive interview techniques. Presentation will encompass theoretical implications and innovative utilizations of contemporary techniques.
1996	How jurors assess the credibility of expert witnesses	Professor Daniel Shuman	psychiatry tapes	10026	While lawyers and experts use anecdotal and impressionistic evidence to guess how jurors assess the believability of experts, there is an evolving body of research that has studied juror decision making. In this presentation, Professor Shuman reports research he has conducted that examines the way in which jurors approach an assessment of experts that reveals how jurors are far more sophisticated in their assessment techniques than they are often assumed to be. Participants will better understand how jurors assess expert witness believability so as to present expert testimony more persuasively.
1994	Changing face of advocacy in workers' compensation cases-maintaining credibility	Anthony Gensterblum ACSW	psychology tape	10113	It is virtually impossible for even the well trained and experienced clinician to avoid the quasi-advocacy role inherent in many forensic situations. Particularly in workers' compensation proceedings, the psychologist must "juggle" several conflicting roles. Participants will learn to traverse the complex world of worker's compensation and avoid potential ethical conflicts and pitfalls, as well as how to advocate within ethical and professional guidelines so as to maintain credibility
1993	Reliability, credibility, and the forensic psychiatrist s evaluation of children and adolescents	Peter Gioia MD Donald Lunde MD	psychiatry journal	6087	Psychiatrists frequently disagree about the psychiatric diagnoses of children and adolescents. This lack of agreement, which we will refer to as "poor reliability," significantly detracts from the credibility of psychiatrists in the courtroom. Attorneys, judges and jurors regard the failure to perform reliably, not as an indication of the inherent complexity of the task, but as a deficiency of scientific rigor and lack of credibility.
1992	False allegations of sexual abuse and their apparent credibility	Terence Campbell PhD	psychology journal	5022	This article examines how false allegations of sexual abuse can seem so credible. These allegations originate as rumors but eventually acquire the appearance of verified facts. Consequently, the dynamics of rumor formation and rumor transmission, combined with constructivistic theory, appear to provide an explanatory model accounting for the origins and apparent credibility of these rumors. Ultimately, false allegations of sexual abuse both influence-and are influenced by- the systemic context in which they occur. As a result, parents and children alike can report false allegations without consciously fabricating them.
1991	Credibility of victims diagnosed as multiple personality- a case study	Joann Ondrovik PhD	psychology journal	5189	Mental health professionals themselves are in great debate over the existence and extent of dissociative disorders and multiple personality. Juries find these diagnoses especially difficult to understand and accept. Forensic mental health experts who testify in court are cautioned not to speak in absolute terms regarding the impact of the dissociative disorders, or, indeed, of any emotional disorders beyond the specific individual being assessed.
1990	Litigant credibility determination	Linda Gummow PhD	psychology tape	1755	A key question the expert psychologist is often asked relates to the credibility of a litigant in personal injury or criminal cases: is this patient faking an injury? Could this defendant be lying about his memory of a criminal act? Common abuses of expert testimony in the area of litigant credibility determination, suggesting currently available legitimate procedures that may be used to make these determinations.
1990	Effects of witnessing conditions and expert testimony on credibility of an eyewitness	R Edward Geiselman PhD	psychology journal	5045	The influence on opinions of eyewitness credibility from the type of witnessing conditions present during a crime and the type of expert testimony presented during a trial was determined, using one hundred subjects. Among findings was an interaction between the type of expert testimony and the change in credibility scores made by subject jurors, indicating an increase in credibility with supportive expert testimony, and a decrease in credibility with unsupportive expert testimony.
1986	Credibility of the child witness-psycholoigcal and legal concerns	Amy Alllison	psychology journal	5435	no abstract
1985	Assessment of credibility of sexually abused children in criminal court cases	Eberhard Mann MD	psychiatry journal	5163	Most experts in the field of sexual abuse agree that many families can be reunited if a comprehensive treatment program is available. Guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation of sexually abusive families are offered. The evaluation process is lengthy as it does not merely consist of seeing individual family members. The entire family should be assessed together.
1981	Assessment of credibility of sexually abused children in criminal court cases	Eberhard Mann MD	psychiatry journal	10308	Most experts in the field of sexual abuse agree that many families can be reunited if a comprehensive treatment program is available. Guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation of sexually abusive families are offered. The evaluation process is lengthy as it does not merely consist of seeing individual family members. The entire family should be assessed together.
1981	Assessment of credibility of sexually abused children in criminal court cases	Eberhard Mann MD	psychiatry tape	10261	Most experts in the field of sexual abuse agree that many families can be reunited if a comprehensive treatment program is available. Guidelines for the psychiatric evaluation of sexually abusive families are offered. The evaluation process is lengthy as it does not merely consist of seeing individual family members. The entire family should be assessed together.